How are bacteria pathogenic, how does it affect humans?

There are many ways that bacteria can be pathogenic.





First, pathogenicity will depend upon whether the bacterium is Gram-positive or Gram-negative. If Gram-positive, the bacterium can produce endotoxins. These endotoxins are released when the bacterium dies or is destroyed by the body's immune system. Endotoxins will raise fever, possibly cause the body to go into shock or death. Very bad.





In Gram-negative cells, endotoxins can also be produced. Also, in the cell wall of Gram-negatives, there is a component called lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The lipid portion of LPS is called lipid A. Lipid A is very pathogenic and acts like an endotoxin.





Also, some bacteria are able to produce a capsule that surrounds the cell wall. The capsule is made of polysaccharides and/or polypeptides. The capsule is extremely pathogenic, causing the same signs and symptoms listed above.





There are other factors that can cause pathogenesis, but these are the main ones.

dendrobium